Abstract:As the political center of the whole Western Han Dynasty, the site selection, scale and shape of Weiyang Palace had a vital impact on the planning and design of Chang 'an City. Most relevant academic studies focus on the palace itself, but there few spatial layout relationship analysis between the palace city and Han Chang 'an City. Based on the dynamic historical process of the construction of the palace city and the capital of the Western Han Dynasty, with historical documents and archaeological results, this paper discusses the spatial effects and influences of Weiyang Palace construction on the urban axis, road network distribution, functional zoning and landmark buildings of Han Chang 'an City through the spatial analysis methods of architecture and urban planning, so as to reveal the spatial order of the Han Chang 'an City with Weiyang Palace as the core, as well as the overall thought and wisdom of the capital spatial planning.