中国传统风景审美思想对魏晋南北朝敦煌佛教壁画的影响 #

The Influence of Chinese Traditional Landscape Aesthetics on Dunhuang Buddhist Murals in Wei-Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties

摘要:

魏晋南北朝是山水画与宗教绘画共生并存的时期，这一时期“道释画渐盛”“山水画成立”，尤以南北朝时期佛教画最盛。佛教画与山水画在敦煌相遇。受中国风景审美的影响，敦煌佛教壁画表现出了与印度、中亚不同的形式和风格，更加注重风景、建筑以及世俗生活的表达，是背后这一时期中国古人风景设计与风景文化的真实再现。文章基于魏晋南北朝时期的敦煌佛教壁画，系统对比同一时期印度和中亚的佛教美术，从而进一步明确这一时期中国古代的风景审美表达。

Abstract:

Wei-Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties were a period of coexistence between landscape painting and religious painting. During this period, Taoist and Buddhist painting became gradually prosperous, landscape painting has become an independent discipline. Buddhist painting flourished particularly in Southern and Northern Dynasties. Buddhist themes and landscape elements have emerged in Dunhuang art. Influenced by Chinese landscape aesthetics, Dunhuang Buddhist murals show different forms and styles from those in India and Central Asia, with a greater emphasis on expressing scenery, architecture, and secular life. These are the representation of landscape design and landscape culture during this period. Based on Dunhuang Buddhist murals in Wei-Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, this paper compares Buddhist art in India and Central Asia during the same period, in order to further clarify the portrayal of landscape during this period in ancient China.