明清皇家陵寝中的陵寝门建筑溯源与演化脉络研究 #

Research on the Origin and Evolution of Tomb-gate Architectures in the Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties

摘要:

明清皇家陵寝中享殿后面的三座琉璃花门建筑，相比享殿和明楼等高大建筑，经常不被关注。而这座建筑的位置、功能以及源流，对于全面研究皇家陵寝具有重要意义。本文通过梳理自陵寝开始设置地上建筑以来，在历代皇家陵寝中，与“陵寝门”具有相同布局位置和功能属性的建筑，试对其建筑原型进行溯源，并理清其发展演化脉络，为陵墓建筑、特别是皇家陵寝的研究提供借鉴与补充。

Abstract:

In the Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Three glazed-tile architectures , Lingqinmen, behind the Xiangdian (Xiangdian is a type of sacrificial hall in the tomb that worships spiritual positions and deceased spirits) are often ignored compared with the main buildings such as the Xiangdian and the Underground Palace. The research of the Tomb-gate Architectures including its location, function, and evolution is with great significance to comprehensively study the imperial tombs. This research attempts to trace the origin of the architectural prototypes, and explores the development and evolution of Lingqinmen, providing reference and supplementation for the study of tomb architectures, especially Imperial Tombs. These were done by literature researches and field works on the same functions and locations as Lingqinmen in the imperial tombs of all dynasties after the establishment of aboveground buildings in tombs.