岷江上游羌族传统村寨人居环境营造特色解析 # ——以老木卡寨为例

Analysis on the Construction Characteristics of Human Environment of Traditional Qiang Villages in the Upper Reaches of Min River: A Case Study of Old Muka

摘要:

羌族是我国最古老的民族之一，主要聚居在四川省境内岷江上游一带。岷江上游水网密集、山峦更迭的生态背景，多元的民族文化背景，影响着羌族传统村寨人居环境的营造特色。将传统羌族村寨的人居环境分为生态格局、支撑系统与民居单元三项基本内容，归纳出传统羌族村寨“山 - 林 - 水 - 寨 - 地”的人居环境生态格局特征、支撑系统的防御性特征与民居单元的山地性特征。以四川省理县老木卡河谷羌寨为例，进一步从村寨布局与民居建筑等多方面具体阐述羌族传统村寨人居环境营造的生态特色、防御特色与山地特色，为传统羌族村寨的保护与修复提供新的思路。

Abstract:

The Qiang ethnic group is one of the oldest ethnic groups in China, mainly residing in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River in Sichuan Province. The dense water network and ever-changing ecological landscape of the upper Minjiang River, along with the diverse ethnic cultural background,influence the distinctive features of the traditional Qiang ethnic village living environment. Traditional Qiang ethnic village living environments can be categorized into three basic components: ecological layout, support systems, and residential units. This summarizes the ecological layout characteristics of the traditional Qiang ethnic village living environment as "mountains, forests, water, villages, and land," the defensive features of support systems, and the mountainous characteristics of residential units. Taking the Qiang village in the Lamu River Valley, Lixian County, Sichuan Province as an example, this further elaborates on the ecological, defensive, and mountainous features of Qiang ethnic traditional village living environment construction, providing new insights for the preservation and restoration of traditional Qiang ethnic villages.