基于中国传统时空观之拙政园的循环时空结构探析

The Cyclic Spatio-temporal Structure Analysis of Humble Administrator's Garden Based on the Chinese Traditional Conception of Space-time

摘要:

任何语言的书写都要诉诸于时空结构和书写者本源性的时空观念。基于对中国传统时空观念的研究及循环时空的意象解析，探讨拙政园的循环时空结构。文章提出循环时空结构即以流通环径周营联动园中景物，显现出时空一体、周回不息的循环性特征；该结构遍布全园，小到一筑一庭一山一水的单体构建，次到每个景区的局部组织，大到整座园林的全局统筹，呈现出多层交叠、有机共在的系统性特征；而每个循环经由人们游园运程的差异选择和多样复合，又展现出彼此通变且交融衍化的动态性特征。循环时空结构是中国造园极为重要的经营理念，是人基于游园运程、统合环径景物、融合生命情感的一种整全现象，我们藉此实现往复不尽的循环观想。

Abstract:

The writing of any language must resort to the spatio-temporal structure and the writer's original concept of space-time. Based on the study of Chinese traditional concept of space-time and the image of cyclic space-time, this paper discusses the cyclic spatio-temporal structure of Humble Administrator's garden. This paper puts forward that the cyclic spatio-temporal structure is the ring path used to link the scenery in garden, showing the circulative characteristics of space-time integration and endless cycle; The structure is spread all over the garden, ranging from the single construction of one building, court, mountain and water, to the local organization of each scenic area, even to the overall planning of whole garden, showing the systematic characteristics of multi-layer overlap and organic coexistence; Through the different choices and diverse combinations of people's touring to the garden, each cycle shows the dynamic characteristics of mutual change and blending evolution. The spatio-temporal structure is a very important concept of the Chinese gardening. It is a complete phenomenon based on people's sightseeing journey, integrating the scenery with path, and integrating the emotion of life. We can realize the endless circular visualization through this.