唐宋士人南方造园营居的地域养生特征研究 #

Regional Health Preservation Features of Scholars' Garden in Southern China in the Tang and Song Dynasties

摘要:

不同的地域风土物候关系着不同的环境致病因素，决定了防病养生的关键内容。以唐宋士人白居易、柳宗元和苏轼为例，通过梳理古籍、园记和传统医学理论等资料，从物质环境和精神环境两个方面，揭示士人宅园因应南方自然风土，实现环境养生的园林营建方式，剖析宅园的地域养生特征及要素构成。在物质环境养生特征方面，归纳为防“瘴”减害、高爽气清的基址，招凉避暑、自然颐养的园境以及透风遮阳、简朴雅洁的居室；在精神环境方面，指出士人宅园养生特征表现在“安全庇护——应激恢复——现实超越”三个层次。与地域自然风土环境建立联系的传统园林养生的研究成果，对拓展健康导向下的风景园林理论研究的视角和维度具有一定的参考作用。

Abstract:

Different climates are related to different pathogenic factors of external environment, and determine the key point of environmental disease prevention and health preservation. The analysis is conducted from physical environment and spiritual atmosphere, exploring the specific characteristics and compositions of regional health features of the scholars ’gardens built in Tang and Song dynasties. The results show that the wisdom of regional health preservation of these gardens is reflected in the aspects of healthy garden site decision, healthy landscape layout and healthy house construction. Thespiritual atmosphere of gardens can provide a sense of security and spiritual healing for scholars, and also help them transcend the reality. The research results can be valuable to extend the dimension and perspective of the theorical study of classical healthy landscape architecture.