释义“室”兼论中国早期明堂路寝建筑空间形式寓意 #

Paraphrasing “Shi” and Discussing the Evolution of the Form and Meaning of the Architectural Space in Mingtang and Luqin in Early China

摘要:

王国维先生《明堂庙寝通考》提出以“室”为宫室之制始的观点。本文从阐释“室”所反映的“中和”宇空文化象征寓意出发，以各家学说观点对照先秦建筑考古成果的二重证据分析方法，阐释中国早期宫室建筑形制发展与文化象征意义传续之间的关系，再论王国维先生“四栋（阿）之室”原型理论对于分析中国早期宫室建筑形制的重要价值，进而论证了以“择中”和“顺应天时”为思想核心的周制明堂“五室”形制来源以及早期宫殿建筑路寝“一室四堂”空间结构合理性以及对宫城“三大殿”格局形成的影响。

Abstract:

There is a view that“Shi”is the beginning of the palace system in Mr. Wang Guowei's General Examination of Mingtang and Temple. This article begins with the interpretation of the symbolic implication of the“Mean”space culture reflected in the“Shi”, and explains the relationship between the development of the early Chinese palace architectural shape and the transmission of cultural symbolism, through the dual evidence method comparing doctrinal views and archeological results of Pre-Qin architecture. Then, the importance of Mr. Wang Guowei’s theory of the prototype of the “Si Dong zhi Shi”in analyzing the shape of early Chinese palace architecture is discussed. In turn, the reasonableness of the“Yi Shi Si Tang”spatial structure of the early palace building, Lu qin, and the origin of the“Wu Shi”shape of the Mingtang in Zhou dynasty, which is based on the ideas of “choosing the center”and“conforming to the times of heaven”, are demonstrated.