Abstract:As two highly complementary economies, the Northern Song Dynasty and Liao Dynasty fought several wars over the land and resources in the "Yanyun" area. After the conclusion of the "Chanyuan Treaty", the Northern Song Dynasty set up four major markets in Hebei Xiongzhou, Bazhou, Ansu Army and Guangxin Army as fixed places for trade with Liao Dynasty. Based on the combing of the resources of Song and Liao, this study discusses the border situation, north-south land passage and defense layout of Hebei road from the beginning of the Northern Song Dynasty to the first year of Jingde, and investigates the construction of Hebei Road market, trade management and cargo transportation route on this basis. The Economic Affairs Department of Hebei discussion field uniformly allocates goods, which are transported by the road level transfer department to Qianning army at the edge through Yu River, and then transported to each Quechang by waterway network, forming a regional cargo trade and transportation network with the four discussion fields as the core. The expansion of border market trade has improved the economic situation and population of cities and towns, and continuously promoted the enrichment of corresponding construction such as commercial markets, granaries, pavilions and the renewal of city defense elements.