特色认知与价值评估：西北地区历史村镇文化景观类型化研究#

Characteristic Cognition and Value Assessment: A Study on the Type of Cultural Landscape in Historic Villages and Towns in Northwest China

摘要:

从特色认知出发，透过文化景观视角，基于价值评估进行历史村镇的类型化研究，是掌握历史村镇文化景观典型特征并制定科学保护与发展对策的重要基础工作之一。借助层次分析法建构历史村镇价值评估体系，并以西北地区 324 个历史村镇为样本进行基于价值评估的类型化研究。根据评估结果将其划分为地理景观特色型、民俗景观特色型、建筑景观特色型、格局肌理景观特色型、历史人文景观特色型五种类型，在此基础之上解读其空间分布与景观特色，并提出相应的保护与发展建议。在厘清历史村镇典型特征与价值的基础上，为历史村镇文化景观保护和发展提供分类指导的现实依据，并资鉴其他地区历史村镇的规划建设实践。

Abstract:

Starting from the characteristic cognition, through the perspective of the cultural landscape, and basing on the value assessment to carry out the study of the type of historical villages and towns is one of the important basic work to master the typical characteristics of the cultural landscape of historical villages and towns and to formulate scientific protection and development countermeasures. Establishing a value evaluation system of historic villages and towns with the help of analytic hierarchy process, and conducting a typed study using 324 historical villages and towns as samples in the Northwest. According to the evaluation results, it is divided into five types: geographical landscape characteristics, folk landscape characteristics, architectural landscape characteristics, pattern texture landscape characteristics, and historical cultural landscape characteristics, and then interpret its spatial distribution and landscape characteristics and put forward the corresponding protection and development proposal. On the basis of clarifying the typical characteristics and values of historical villages and towns, it provides the realistic basis for the protection and development of cultural landscapes in historical villages and towns, and provides reference for the planning and construction practice of historical villages and towns in other regions.