浙江建德新叶村民居门与向的调查与分析

The research on gate and orientation of XinYe Village in JianDe ZheJiang Province

摘要:

新叶村位于浙江省建德市新安江大慈岩镇的古兰溪域内，占地约 15.4 平方公里，因村落背倚玉华山故又称玉华叶氏。叶氏始迁祖叶坤于南宋嘉定十二年（1219）就定居于此，历经近 800 年的历史积淀，新叶村现保留有较完整的祠堂、庙宇、塔刹、民宅等多种明清时期建筑类型，种类繁多，精致古朴，被誉为“中国明清建筑露天博物馆”[1]。本文从挖掘新叶村的历史沿革发展出发，对村落的建造选址、规划布局及其格局进行解析，并就村落整体、宗族祠堂、住宅的入口“门”及“向”的位置、类型、特色和艺术进行深入挖掘和分析解读，充分展示新叶村村民宅居历史模式及文化内涵。

Abstract:

Xinye Village is a 15.4-square-kilometre village located in the Gulanxi area of Daziyan town, Xinanjiang, Zhejiang Province. It was settled by Yip Kwan in the 12th year of Jiading in the southern Song Dynasty (1219) . With a history of nearly 800 years, Xinye Village now has a relatively complete collection of ancestral halls, temples, pagodas and houses of various architectural types from the Ming and Qing dynasties, exquisite simplicity, known as the “Chinese Ming and Qing architectural Frilandsmuseet”[1] . Based on the historical development of Xinye Village, this paper analyzes the construction site selection, planning layout and layout of the villages, the location, type, characteristics and art of the village as a whole, the ancestral hall of the clan, the entrance “Door” and “Xiang” of the residence are explored and analyzed to fully demonstrate the historical pattern and cultural connotation of the residence of the villagers in Xinye Village.