侗族鼓楼的大木作构件术语与标识系统（下）*

The Terms and Identification System of the Timber Structure of Dong Minority’s Drum Towers (Part II)

摘要:

侗族工匠们在传统建筑营造活动中发展出了一套在无图样的情况下，获取、记录关键尺度信息，并指导施工的方法。它既满足无图样的木构建筑标准化建造要求，又解决了因木材自然属性带来的弹性尺寸问题。以穿斗式标准榀架营造逻辑、木材受力特征和加工、装配为基础，侗族鼓楼具备了完整的构件分类术语、空间定位方法以及字符标识系统，是逐一记录大木构件并确保装配的重要手段。

Abstract:

Under circumstance of none design drawing, the carpenters of Dong Minority create a method to obtain, record key dimension information, and to guide construction. This method not only meets the needs of standardized construction of timber structure without drawings, but also solves the problems of flexible dimension caused by the natural attribute of the timber. Not only bases on a certain standard “Chuan-dou” construction logic, but also on mechanical features, processing technic and assembling method, Dong minority’s drum tower has a completed clarifying, locating and identifier system. This plays an important role in marking the element one by one and confirming the construction of the whole structure.