保护与发展之间：1949-1964 北京历史城市保护思想史略

Between Preservation and Development:A Brief Intellectual History of Urban Conservation, Beijing 1949-1964

摘要:

本文主要围绕北京旧城的城市规划实践，梳理了 1949 年到1964 年间城市规划领域界和文物保护界的学术争论和思想争鸣，重点关注对于新城位置、文物存废、城市面貌等问题的争论，涉及城市规划、文物保护等跨学科内容。文献综述发现，虽然当时历史城市的保护需求相较于发展需求而言居于相对弱势的地位，但将文物古迹以及其周边城市环境进行整体保护的历史城市保护思想已经基本形成，对历史城市的价值有了基本认识。同时，历史城市保护和更新的相关实践开始出现，规划设计中对于高层建筑建设、城市风貌的选择等问题都有所探讨。

Abstract:

Based on the practice of urban planning in the Old City of Beijing, this paper combs the academic and ideological debates in the field of urban planning and the field of cultural relics protection from 1949 to 1964, focus on the location of new cities, cultural relics, urban landscape issues such as the debate, involving urban planning, cultural relics protection and other interdisciplinary content. The literature review found that although the protection needs of historical cities at that time were relatively weak compared with the development needs, however, the idea of protecting historical cities has basically formed, and the value of historical cities has been basically understood. At the same time, the practice of historic city protection and renewal began to appear, planning and design for high-rise building construction, urban style and other issues have been discussed.