论中国古代凤阙及其演变

Evolution of the Fengque Gate in Ancient China

摘要:

凤阙，因阙顶上立有凤凰图案而得名，且往往双阙对立。汉墓中的凤阙图案，多为重檐，且二阙相连，形成阙门，有天门之寓意，预示着死者跨过天门进入天界。此外，凤阙还可立在皇城门外，在汉代与城门分离。魏晋以后阙与城门逐渐连在一起，并且凤凰造型开始移至城楼之上，出现了凤楼之称。唐代开始，又诞生了五凤楼，成为皇家之象征。从根源上看，中国古代皇城门阙，应是模拟天上东方角二星，是“象天设都”营造思想的表现。

Abstract:

The Phoenix Que, because the peak of the Phoenix pattern and named, and often double que opposition. The design of the Phoenix que in the Han tomb, mostly for the EAVES, and two que connected, forming the gate, the implication of the gate, indicating that the deceased crossed the gate into heaven. In addition, Fengque can also stand outside the Imperial City Gate, and the Han Dynasty and the city gate separation. After the Wei and Jin Dynasty, the que and the city gate gradually linked together, and the Phoenix shape began to move to the top of the tower, the Phoenix Tower appeared. From the Tang Dynasty, Wu Feng Lou was born and became the symbol of the royal family. From the source point of view, the gate of the ancient Chinese imperial city should be a simulation of the eastern two stars in the sky, which is the expression of the idea of“Setting up the capital like heaven”.