鲁中山地村落石砌民居形态与结构特征研究

The Study on Morphology and Structure of Mountainous Village Stone Dwellings in the Middle Hilly Area of Shandong Province

摘要:

鲁中山区位于山东省中部，是我国北方景色最为秀美的山群之一。长期以来，人们在特殊的自然环境和地域文化影响下，创造了极具北方山区特色的乡土建筑群。通过对鲁中山地村落进行田野调查、测绘、民访，发现石砌民居存在地域性差异，依形态类型可分为硬山石头房、平顶石头房、囤顶土石房，且民居形态与村落选址、建筑材料、内部结构息息相关。文章发掘鲁中山地村落石砌民居形态与结构特征的形成缘由，可为石砌民居的保护和改造提供借鉴。

Abstract:

The Middle hilly area of Shandong Province is one of the most beautiful mountainous scenery in northern China. For a long time, people who have been living there created the vernacular architectures which has the characteristics of the northern mountainous areas under the influence of local natural environment and culture. With fieldwork, mapping and literature collection, this paper discovers that the vernacular stone houses have regional differences, then divides the vernacular stone houses into three categories according to the shape of stone house. It also finds that the shape of stone houses is related to the settlement location, construction material and structure of the house, thus helping to protect the vernacular architectures and providing the evidence for local settlement reconstruction.