山西古代私家园林掇山艺术探究*

Rockeries in the Ancient Private Gardens in Shanxi

摘要:

山西古代私家园林多利用地产石材，因材堆叠成质朴刚劲的假山，具有鲜明的地域特色。虽然目前很多实例或已坍塌，或已拆除，但其掇山艺术仍是古代工匠的智慧结晶，是中国古代造园艺术的重要组成部分。根据相关文献、图像和遗址资料，在史料考证的基础上，分析了山西古代私家园林中的土石类型与假山形态，并对其中较为特殊的营造手法进行总结，可对遗存假山的维护、修复，以及现代地域景观创作提供一定的理论依据。

Abstract:

The ancient private gardens in Shanxi often use locally rocks, stack into rustic rockeries according to different materials, which have distinctive regional characteristics. Although many examples have collapsed or been dismantled, the art of rockeries is still the wisdom of ancient artisans and an important part of ancient Chinese gardens. According to the relevant literature, images and sites, based on historical research, preliminary analysis of the rock types and rockery forms in ancient private gardens in Shanxi, and summarize some special construction methods. These can provide a theoretical basis for the maintenance of the remains and the creation of modern landscapes.