“相地合宜，构园得体”* ——清代袁枚与随园相地研究

To Select Appropriate Sites and Build Gardens Properly —— The Study of Yuan Mei and the Location Selection of Sui Garden in Qing dynasty

摘要:

随园是清代金陵的著名园林，本文从园主——袁枚出发，着眼于随园的相地，对相关的园记、园诗、图画等进行解读，同时参考其他相关文献和古地图，并结合园址周边环境的古今对比，着重分析了袁枚“好书，好游，好友，好葺屋，好花竹泉石”的人物个性，研究了袁枚“性灵”说中的园林美学思想，包括：1）随顺自然、随中有借；2）不囿传统、随性创新；3）宜居宜游、宜物宜性。以及受其影响下的随园的选址和布局，总结了随园的相地选址、空间布局特征：1）因地制宜，随形就势；2）因水之宜，随曲合方；3）可居可游，随性栖居。

Abstract:

Suiyuan is a famous garden of Nanjing in the Qing Dynasty. Starting from the owner of Suiyuan, Yuan Mei, this paper interprets the relevant garden records, Garden Poems, drawings, and other related documents and ancient maps, focusing on the phase of Suiyuan, this paper also analyzes the personality of Yuan Mei's “Good book, good tour, good friend, good repair house, good flower bamboo Spring Stone”, and studies the garden aesthetic thought in Yuan Mei's theory of “Nature and spirit”, iNCLUDING: 1) follow the nature, follow the borrowing; 2) not bound by tradition, Innovation; 3) livable, travel, material. The characteristics of site selection and spatial layout of Suiyuan are summarized as follows: 1) adapting to local conditions, 2) adapting to the situation, 3) adapting to water conditions, 3) living and swimming, and living at will.