空间人文视角下明长城文化遗产数据库建设及应用

Database Construction and Application of the Defense System of Ming Great Wall from the Perspective of Spatial Humanities

摘要:

随着长城文化遗产的急速破坏与消失，长城科学系统的研究与保护工作尤为关键。研究从空间人文的视角，以时空 GIS 为技术支持，建立明长城防御体系基础信息数据库，为明长城文化遗产的认知与研究提供全面准确的数据基础以及高效的技术支持。首先，基于对明长城整体性研究与保护的需求，建立包括长城有形文化遗产与无形文化遗产在内的数据库构成框架；针对于明长城防御体系特点，设计文化遗产专题数据库数据结构与图层分级；现阶段，数据库分析结果可用于长城保护范围划界，同时根据数据库在未来的长城文化遗产保护工作中作用，实现面向不同使用人群的云 GIS 数据应用与发展。

Abstract:

With the rapid damage and disappearance of the cultural heritage of Great Wall, it is very critical to protect and restore the Great Wall in a scientific and quantitative system. The study establishes the basic information database of the Military Defense System of Ming Great Wall from the perspective of spatial humanities, with the technical support of Space-Time GIS, in order to provide the accurate data base and efficient research methods. First of all, based on the requirements of the research and protection of the Great Wall, the study establishes composition framework of the database including tangible and intangible cultural heritage of the Great Wall. Secondly, according to the characteristics of the defense system of Ming Great Wall, the data structure and layer classification are designed for the sub-database of culture heritage part. In addition, the database analysis results can be used to demarcate the protection scope of Great Wall in different area and will perfect the function and application of the database as the Cloud GIS for meeting the future using demand of the Great Wall heritage.