中国古代地方“八景”中的声景与声境研究1

Research on the sound scene and sound environment in the " eight scenes" of ancient China

摘要:

中国古代地方八景中的声景观，是具有地方特色的地域性景观的典型代表，其包含着深刻的文化主题和人文意境。本文通过对地方八景中的声景观及其声境的研究，挖掘古代地方自然声景与人造声景的营造方式，并对声景的产生因素及其资源的稀缺性、瞬时性；声场的多重性和复合性；“声”与“景”的结合等方面特征进行分析，阐释了声景的天籁、地籁、人籁三个层次意境。该研究不仅可以让今人学习古人声景观营造经验以及声境的文化提升方法，同时对于今天地方声景观的保护和再创造亦具有重要的意义。

Abstract:

the sound landscape of the eight scenic spots in ancient China is a typical representative of the regional landscape with local characteristics. Through discussing the sound landscape and its sound environment in the eight scenes, this paper combed the natural sound landscape and artificial sound landscape modes in ancient places, and through analyzing the factors of the sound landscape and its scarcity of resources, instantaneity, multiplicity and compounding of sound fields, and the combination of " sound" and " scene" and other characteristics, this paper further explained the three artistic conceptions of the sound landscape, i.e. the sounds of nature, the sounds of earth, and the sounds of human beings. The experience of sound landscape construction of eight scenes in ancient places is of great significance to the restoration and creation of sound landscape in today's places.