清朝对历代帝王陵墓的保护*

Imperial Tombs of the Past Dynasties Protected in Qing Dynasty*

摘要:

中国古代王朝一贯重视对历代帝王陵墓的保护，作为集大成者的清朝，其保护理念及方法对于今日仍有借鉴意义。本文借助政书、律令、档案等资料，阐述了清朝对帝王陵墓的差异性保护，梳理了保护制度及措施，分析了机构人员及协作方式，并对比古今陵墓保护工作，指出：陵墓保护需要实践积累，不可盲目抛弃古代智慧；应增加陵墓保护中精神层面的引导；应强化国务院在文物保护中的上层协调作用；陵墓保护的最终目的应在于维护国家稳定，提升历史认同感及文化自信力。

Abstract:

The ancient dynasties of China always attached importance to the protection of the imperial tombs of past dynasties, and the Qing Dynasty, as a great master, still has its ideas and methods of protection for reference today. This paper expounds the different protection of the imperial tombs in Qing Dynasty, combs the protection system and measures, analyzes the organization personnel and the cooperation way, and compares the protection work of the ancient tombs with that of the modern tombs, it is pointed out that the protection of tombs needs practice and accumulation, and ancient wisdom should not be abandoned blindly. The spiritual guidance in the protection of tombs should be increased The ultimate goal of Tomb protection should be to maintain national stability, enhance the sense of historical identity and cultural self-confidence.