我国传统琉璃的制作工艺

Traditional manufacturing technoloey of Glazed Tiles

摘要:

我国古代琉璃制作都是匠人世代相传或师徒相承，由于历史的局限和传统观念束缚，有关琉璃的烧制技术，尤其是釉色配方秘不外传。在中国的封建社会中，这些技艺无人重视，难入经典，更给后代的研究带来困难。琉璃的釉色配方属于化学范畴，有关烧制中的化学变化和形成机理。通过研究明代琉璃制作工艺，同时参考琉璃之乡一山西省主要琉璃产地，如太原马庄和阳城后则腰的世居匠人的技术和经验，结合古代文献的研究及科学的取样分析，基本整理出了传统琉璃工艺的原料；釉料的加工和配制配方，成型与烧制的方法；琉璃窑的型制；试验的相应数据等制作工艺。

Abstract:

China's ancient glass production is handed down from generation to generation or master and apprentice, due to the limitations of history and traditional concepts, the firing technology of glass, especially the glaze formula is secretly passed on. In China's feudal society, these skills were not taken seriously, difficult to enter the classics, and brought difficulties to the research of future generations. Glaze formulations of glaze belong to the category of chemistry, related to chemical changes and formation mechanisms in firing. Through the study of the Ming Dynasty glass production process, while referring to the liuli town of Shanxi Province, the main glass production area, such as Taiyuan Mazhuang and Yangcheng Houze waist of the hereditary craftsmen and experience, combined with the study of ancient documents and scientific sampling analysis, the raw materials of the traditional glass craft were basically sorted out; the processing and preparation of glaze, the method of molding and firing; the type of glass kiln; the corresponding data of the test and other production processes.