明代建筑琉璃（一）

Architectural Glazed Tiles in Ming Buildings(1)

摘要:

在我国古代建筑技术发展史上，琉璃作为一种独特的建筑装饰材料已有一千多年的历史。根据文献的记载和近代考古发现，表明它起始于北魏，形成于唐宋，发展于元明。和砖瓦的历史相比，起步虽晚，发展速度甚快。特别是在明代，这种传统的工艺和技术的应用达到空前的地步，对清代以及近代的琉璃技艺也产生了深远的影响。通过对全国范围内主要的明代琉璃产地和实物进行考察，具体对琉璃瓦的历史发展、产地分布、类型、制度以及工艺进行了研究。

Abstract:

In the history of the development of traditional Chinese architecture technology in China, coloured glaze has a history of more than a thousand years as a unique building decoration material. According to records of literature and modern archaeological findings, it is indicated that it began in the Northern Wei Dynasty, formed in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and developed in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties. Compared with the history of bricks and tiles, although it started late, the speed of development is very fast. Especially in the Ming Dynasty, the application of this traditional craft and technology reached an unprecedented level, which also had a profound impact on the coloured glaze technology of the Qing Dynasty and modern times. Through the investigation of the main Ming Dynasty coloured glaze production areas and physical objects nationwide, the historical development, distribution of production areas, types, systems and processes of glazed tiles are specifically studied.