智化寺建筑管窥

Zhihuasi Temple at beijing

摘要:

智化寺位于北京朝阳门内禄米仓，明正统九年（1444）宦官王振创建。其建筑座北向南，前后六重，东西三路、全盛时期占地总面积约两万平方米，拥有各种房屋两百余间。智化寺前半部中轴线上的殿堂是按其宗教意义设计的。主要殿堂红墙之上皆为歇山黑琉璃筒瓦顶，这在国内现存寺院中尚不多见。万佛阁内彩画图案为旋子彩画，盒子绘旋花。在建筑结构上，智化寺既有宋元的做法，也有清代的形制，同时还具有明朝的特征，并未限于单一规制。

Abstract:

Zhihua Temple is located in Lumicang, within Chaoyangmen of Beijing , Ming dynasty Zhengtong Ninth Year (1444) built by eunuch Wang Zhen. Temple buildings facing south, a total of six yards. The main halls are black glazed tube tile gable and hip roof, which is rare in the existing temples in China. Color patterns adopt tangent?circle?pattern. In architectural structure, the style of Zhihua Temple includes the characteristics of the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.