匠事留痕——记敦煌壁画里的建筑施工

Tracing of Ancient Techniques -- Records of Building Construction in Dunhuang Murals

摘要:

敦煌石窟保存下几方古代工匠施工场面的壁画。客观上再现了一千多年或几百年以前工匠操作的场景。北周第296窟窟顶上画有两处表现建筑施工的壁画，一者建塔，一者建屋。隋代第302窟有一伐木建塔图。初唐第321窟有两个施工场面，一建屋，一建塔。五代第72窟有一个修塑佛像的画面。北周和隋代两幅画里有工人手持矩尺的形象。这些壁画为研究建筑史学具有一定意义。

Abstract:

Dunhuang grottoes preserve several murals of the construction scenes of ancient craftsmen, objectively reproducing the scenes of craftsmen's work hundreds to one thousand years ago. For example, there are two murals of construction scenes on the top of cave #296 in the Northern Zhou Dynasty. In Sui Dynasty cave #302 there are murals of logging and making towers. There are two murals of construction scenes in Cave #321 in the early Tang Dynasty. Cave# 72 of the Five Dynasties has murals of moulding Buddha statues. Two murals from the Northern Zhou dynasty and the Sui Dynasty show workers holding a carpenter's square. These murals have a certain significance for the study of architectural history.